High blood pressure
Definition
High blood pressure is hypertension. Blood pressure as the blood flow through the arteries of the power of pushing against the walls. Heart tissues of the body the arteries that bring oxygenated blood from the blood vessels are.
Details
Through the arteries as it pushes against the artery walls in the blood flows. On the artery walls as blood pressure subjects, blood pressure will be higher. The size of the small arteries also affects blood pressure. When the muscular walls of the arteries, or the rest are dilated, the blood flow through the artery walls when the pressure, is lower than the narrow or constrict.
When the highest blood pressure in the arteries of the heart push blood to the beats. When the heart from filling with blood for the rest of the minimum pressure point is. Blood pressure, systolic pressure when the heart beats is called. Blood pressure when the heart is at rest is called diastolic pressure. When blood pressure is measured, the systolic pressure first and the second is diastolic pressure. Blood pressure in millimeters of mercury (mm Hg) is measured. Example, if a person's systolic pressure and diastolic pressure is 80 is 120, 120/80 mm Hg as this is written for. American Heart Association, less than 90 long-140 more than normal blood pressure for adults is considred. However, the National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute in Bethesda, Maryland, in 2003 less than the standard normal readings for blood pressure released new clinical guidelines. A normal reading of less than 120 for at least 80 was lowered.
High blood pressure is a major health problem, especially because it has no symptoms. Many people have hypertension without knowing it. In the United States, about 50 million people age six and older have high blood pressure. High blood pressure and more common in men than in women and young people compared to people in the age of 65 years is over. More than 65 years of age more than half of all Americans have high blood pressure. It is also more common in African, Americans compared to white Americans.
Because of the condition of people with normal blood pressure and heart disease, people with medical problems other than a high risk for high blood pressure is serious. Is recognized as serious complications of regular blood pressure check-up and is soon as the treatment of high blood pressure can be avoided.
If left untreated, hypertension can lead to the following medical conditions are:
* Arteriosclerosis also called atherosclerosis
* Heart attack
* Stroke
* Increased heart
* Kidney damage.
Arteriosclerosis hardening of the arteries is. Muscle walls of arteries and flexible and that they spread to the blood flow through the constriction in the form enables a layer of elastic tissue is. Hypertension, artery walls thicken and harden can. When artery walls thicken, the blood vessel in the narrows. More fat and cholesterol on the walls of damaged arteries, making them even narrower construction is expected to. Blood clots also block blood flow in narrowed arteries can be trapped.
Arteriosclerosis of the arteries and other organs for the blood cells can not be saved compressed. Heart block or reduce blood flow to the heart attack can cause. If a brain artery is blocked, a stroke can result.
High blood pressure in the body through the heart work harder to pump blood makes. Additional charge to the heart muscle can thicken and stretch. When the heart can not pump enough blood is detailed. If hypertension is not treated, heart failure can be.
Of the body in the blood of the kidneys remove waste. If hypertension thickens the arteries to the kidneys, less waste in the blood can be removed from. As the situation worsened, the kidneys fail and wastes in the blood. Dialysis or a kidney transplant is needed when the kidneys fail. People who received kidney dialysis for about 25% of kidney failure caused by high blood pressure.
And because of symptoms
Many different activities or situations can normally raise blood pressure. Physical activity can increase blood pressure temporarily. Blood pressure can be stressful situations. When the stress is removed, usually normal blood pressure to come. These temporary increases in blood pressure high blood pressure are not considered. High blood pressure is diagnosed when a person only during the period of time many have high blood pressure readings.
90 due to high blood pressure, which is 95 per cent of the people to do not know. Without a known cause of primary hypertension or high blood pressure is called essential.
When a person has high blood pressure and due to a medical condition, it is called secondary hypertension. Secondary hypertension due to a number of different diseases can be. Many people with kidney disorders have secondary hypertension. The kidney in the body to regulate salt and water balance. If the kidney much salt and water, blood pressure can the body is not free. Infection in the kidney, the arteries that carry blood to the kidneys of contraction, kidney artery stenosis and other kidney disorders called salt and water can upset the balance.
Cushing's syndrome and tumors of the pituitary and adrenal gland is often, adrenal gland hormones cortisol, adrenalin and the increase in aldosterone levels, which can cause high blood pressure. High blood pressure that other conditions can cause blood vessel diseases, thyroid gland disease, some prescribed drugs, alcohol, and pregnancy are.
Although the cause of high blood pressure is not known, some people is that they are a big chance of high blood pressure to risk factor. Many of these risk factors or low blood pressure as part of a treatment program developed for high blood pressure to reduce the possibility of change can be done.
Risk factors for hypertension include:
* Age over 60
* Male sex
* Race
* Heredity
* Salt sensitivity
* Obesity
* Inactive lifestyle
* Heavy alcohol consumption
* The use of oral contraceptives
Are risk factors for high blood pressure can be changed, while others can not. Age, male sex, race and risk factors that a person can not do anything about. Some people inherit a tendency for high blood pressure. Family members who have high blood pressure and people with relatives in comparison to those which developed to suffer from high blood pressure are not likely. People with these risk factors can prevent the development of high blood pressure or to reduce your chance for an end to the other risk factors. A 2003 report that the incidence of hypertension in children with the increase in overweight and obese children and adolescents due to an increase in the number of likely found.
Diagnosis
Because the symptoms of high blood pressure is not the reason, it is important for blood pressure checked regularly. Blood pressure with a device called a sphygmomanometer is measured. A cloth - covered rubber cuff around the upper arm and inflated is involved. When the cuff, for the moment to prevent the flow of blood is squeezed in one hand that the artery is inflated. Then, the air, while a stethoscope placed on the artery would have to cough out the blood spurting back through the artery to detect the sound of is used. This is the first time the sound pressure is the systolic pressure when the heart beats. Last sound heard in the air as the rest of the diastolic pressure is released, the pressure between heart beats is. Mercury sphygmomanometer on the two sounds are recorded on the gauge.
Normal blood pressure values is defined by a border. Blood pressure less than 120/80 mm Hg is considered normal. A number of factors such as pain, stress or worry about a temporary increase in blood pressure can cause. For this reason, a high blood pressure reading high blood pressure is not on the diagnosis. If a blood pressure read 120/80 or higher for the first time, the doctor to check blood pressure and a person will be back. Diagnosis of high blood pressure readings on two or more generally after the first visit is made based.
Systolic hypertension in the elderly and the diastolic pressure is normal or when the diagnosis is low, but the systolic, eg170/70 mm Hg is raised. This condition usually co arteries (atherosclerosis) of the strict exists.
Blood pressure measurement stages are classified according to severity:
* Normal blood pressure: 120/80 mm Hg at least
* Pre-hypertension: 120-129/80-89 mm Hg
* Stage 1 hypertension: 140-159/90-99 mm Hg
* Stage 2 high blood pressure: more than or at 160-179/100-109 mm Hg
High blood pressure to evaluate a specific physical examination include:
* Medical and family history
* Physical examination
* Ophthalmoscopy: examination of the blood vessels in the eye
* Chest X-ray
* Electrocardiograph (ECG)
* Blood and urine testing.
If the patient has any conditions or disorders that cause or contribute to high blood pressure can have medical and family history can help doctors determine. A family history of high blood pressure high blood pressure to a genetic predisposition that can be done.
Physical examination on time in many different situations and different blood pressure readings can join. The doctor thinks my heart through the arteries and blood flow created by a stethoscope to listen to uses. The pulse, reflexes, and height and weight are checked and recorded. Internal organs, palpated or felt, if they are set to increase.
High blood pressure because the blood vessels in the eyes of harm, can examine the eyes with an instrument can be called an ophthalmoscope. The doctor for thickening, low, or will the blood vessels in hemorrhages.
X-ray, other vascular (heart) abnormalities, or lung disease, an enlarged heart may identify a chest.
An electrocardiogram (ECG) measures the heart's electrical activity. If the heart muscle and detailed, if there close to the arteries of the heart muscle damage can know it is.
Blood and urine tests and to evaluate the health of the disorders that may cause high blood pressure for detection of presence can be.
Treatment
Preference for high blood pressure there is no cure, but almost always the right treatment with blood pressure can be reduced. Low blood pressure goal of treatment is that heart disease and high blood pressure will prevent the other complications is to level. Secondary hypertension, the disease is high blood pressure treatment for high blood pressure is responsible except for yourself. Successful treatment of the underlying disorder of secondary hypertension can be treated.
Guidelines for doctors with patients and blood pressure to agree on goals for individual patient treatment plan that is ready to work advice. Drugs and lifestyle changes in a combination of real person to the next will vary. Low blood pressure changes in diet, getting regular exercise, and taking antihypertensive drugs may include, for the treatment. Patients falling in the past only the heart or kidneys often need to make lifestyle changes are advised for damage is not high blood pressure range. A clinical trial of the 2003 report of the adult with high blood pressure in the form of 38% in the form of lifestyle changes in diet and Dash, who eat more fruits and vegetables to mush less encouraged by the part shown.
About 5 to 10 mm Hg to reduce the blood pressure changes in lifestyle can include:
* Eat less salt
* Low-fat intake
* Weight loss
* Getting regular exercise
* Quit
* To reduce the consumption of alcohol
* Stress management
1 limit the blood pressure high blood pressure taking antihypertensive medicine may be advised of the stage falls into the patient. Many medications to treat high blood pressure has been developed. The choice of drug will depend on the level of high blood pressure, side effects, the patient and the patient is taking other drugs for other medical conditions can be.
If a drug treatment to lower blood pressure enough, or can be tried first and a drug can be added to a different drug for fails. More patients with severe hypertension at the beginning of their drugs to control high blood pressure may be a combination. Action of various types, often with only a combination of antihypertensive drugs required for each drug will be compared to the blood pressure with smaller doses are controlled.
Antihypertensive drug classes fall in a number of drugs:
* Diuretics
* Beta blockers
* Calcium channel blockers
* Angiotensin enzyme inhibitors (Ace inhibitors) changed
* Alpha - blockers
* Alpha, beta blockers
* Vasodilators
* Peripheral acting adrenergic antagonists
* Center agonists acting
Diuretics in the body tissues of the kidneys and blood to end more than salt and water can help. This fluid buildup in the tissues to reduce inflammation helps. Fluid dilates the walls of the arteries and reduce blood pressure reduction. New guidelines issued in 2003 before the election as a medicine with high blood pressure and diuretics for most patients suggest that a multi-drug combination as part of.
Beta blockers lower blood pressure by acting on the nervous system of the heart rate to slow and reduce the strength of contraction of the heart. The heart failure, asthma, diabetes, or circulation problems in the hands and feet with caution in patients with is used.
Calcium channel blockers muscle cells in artery walls blocks the entry of calcium. Muscle cells constrict, their low calcium and calcium needs to rest and the blood pressure is low.
Ace inhibitors block the production of substances that constrict blood vessels. The construction of the salt water and tissues can help to reduce. They usually heart failure, kidney disease, or diabetes, patients are given. Ace inhibitors together with diuretics can be used.
Alpha - blockers to dilate arteries and reduce the strength of contraction of the heart on the nervous system work.
Alpha, alpha and beta blockers beta blockers combination of action.
Vasodilators directly on the arteries so the blood more easily transferred through the walls can act to relax. They lower blood pressure rapidly and hypertensive emergencies in patients injected when blood pressure is dangerously high.
Arteries to relax and reduce the strength of contraction of the heart on the peripheral nervous system acting adrenergic antagonists act. They usually together with a diuretic are set. Peripheral acting adrenergic antagonists slowed mental function and can cause lethargy.
Central agonists also act to relax arteries and slow the heart rate on the nervous system work. They usually with other antihypertensive drugs are used.
Prognosis
There is no cure for high blood pressure is. However, this very well with proper treatment can be managed. Lifestyle changes and treatment with a combination of antihypertensive drugs on the levels generally heart or other organs that will not damage the blood pressure can. Serious complications of high blood pressure to avoid the key is to identify and loss before treatment. Because antihypertensive medicines control blood pressure, but it is not right, patients reduce blood pressure to maintain the level of complexity and to avoid taking drugs should continue.
Prevention
Prevention of hypertension centers on avoiding or eliminating known risk factors on. Age, race, sex, or because of the risk on the person or people who develop high blood pressure can reduce the possibility of a heritage is in danger.
The risk of high blood pressure to change a recommendation for treatment of high blood pressure can be reduced by:
* Eat less salt
* Low-fat intake
* Weight loss
* Getting regular exercise
* Quit
* To reduce the consumption of alcohol
* Stress management
Definition
High blood pressure is hypertension. Blood pressure as the blood flow through the arteries of the power of pushing against the walls. Heart tissues of the body the arteries that bring oxygenated blood from the blood vessels are.
Details
Through the arteries as it pushes against the artery walls in the blood flows. On the artery walls as blood pressure subjects, blood pressure will be higher. The size of the small arteries also affects blood pressure. When the muscular walls of the arteries, or the rest are dilated, the blood flow through the artery walls when the pressure, is lower than the narrow or constrict.
When the highest blood pressure in the arteries of the heart push blood to the beats. When the heart from filling with blood for the rest of the minimum pressure point is. Blood pressure, systolic pressure when the heart beats is called. Blood pressure when the heart is at rest is called diastolic pressure. When blood pressure is measured, the systolic pressure first and the second is diastolic pressure. Blood pressure in millimeters of mercury (mm Hg) is measured. Example, if a person's systolic pressure and diastolic pressure is 80 is 120, 120/80 mm Hg as this is written for. American Heart Association, less than 90 long-140 more than normal blood pressure for adults is considred. However, the National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute in Bethesda, Maryland, in 2003 less than the standard normal readings for blood pressure released new clinical guidelines. A normal reading of less than 120 for at least 80 was lowered.
High blood pressure is a major health problem, especially because it has no symptoms. Many people have hypertension without knowing it. In the United States, about 50 million people age six and older have high blood pressure. High blood pressure and more common in men than in women and young people compared to people in the age of 65 years is over. More than 65 years of age more than half of all Americans have high blood pressure. It is also more common in African, Americans compared to white Americans.
Because of the condition of people with normal blood pressure and heart disease, people with medical problems other than a high risk for high blood pressure is serious. Is recognized as serious complications of regular blood pressure check-up and is soon as the treatment of high blood pressure can be avoided.
If left untreated, hypertension can lead to the following medical conditions are:
* Arteriosclerosis also called atherosclerosis
* Heart attack
* Stroke
* Increased heart
* Kidney damage.
Arteriosclerosis hardening of the arteries is. Muscle walls of arteries and flexible and that they spread to the blood flow through the constriction in the form enables a layer of elastic tissue is. Hypertension, artery walls thicken and harden can. When artery walls thicken, the blood vessel in the narrows. More fat and cholesterol on the walls of damaged arteries, making them even narrower construction is expected to. Blood clots also block blood flow in narrowed arteries can be trapped.
Arteriosclerosis of the arteries and other organs for the blood cells can not be saved compressed. Heart block or reduce blood flow to the heart attack can cause. If a brain artery is blocked, a stroke can result.
High blood pressure in the body through the heart work harder to pump blood makes. Additional charge to the heart muscle can thicken and stretch. When the heart can not pump enough blood is detailed. If hypertension is not treated, heart failure can be.
Of the body in the blood of the kidneys remove waste. If hypertension thickens the arteries to the kidneys, less waste in the blood can be removed from. As the situation worsened, the kidneys fail and wastes in the blood. Dialysis or a kidney transplant is needed when the kidneys fail. People who received kidney dialysis for about 25% of kidney failure caused by high blood pressure.
And because of symptoms
Many different activities or situations can normally raise blood pressure. Physical activity can increase blood pressure temporarily. Blood pressure can be stressful situations. When the stress is removed, usually normal blood pressure to come. These temporary increases in blood pressure high blood pressure are not considered. High blood pressure is diagnosed when a person only during the period of time many have high blood pressure readings.
90 due to high blood pressure, which is 95 per cent of the people to do not know. Without a known cause of primary hypertension or high blood pressure is called essential.
When a person has high blood pressure and due to a medical condition, it is called secondary hypertension. Secondary hypertension due to a number of different diseases can be. Many people with kidney disorders have secondary hypertension. The kidney in the body to regulate salt and water balance. If the kidney much salt and water, blood pressure can the body is not free. Infection in the kidney, the arteries that carry blood to the kidneys of contraction, kidney artery stenosis and other kidney disorders called salt and water can upset the balance.
Cushing's syndrome and tumors of the pituitary and adrenal gland is often, adrenal gland hormones cortisol, adrenalin and the increase in aldosterone levels, which can cause high blood pressure. High blood pressure that other conditions can cause blood vessel diseases, thyroid gland disease, some prescribed drugs, alcohol, and pregnancy are.
Although the cause of high blood pressure is not known, some people is that they are a big chance of high blood pressure to risk factor. Many of these risk factors or low blood pressure as part of a treatment program developed for high blood pressure to reduce the possibility of change can be done.
Risk factors for hypertension include:
* Age over 60
* Male sex
* Race
* Heredity
* Salt sensitivity
* Obesity
* Inactive lifestyle
* Heavy alcohol consumption
* The use of oral contraceptives
Are risk factors for high blood pressure can be changed, while others can not. Age, male sex, race and risk factors that a person can not do anything about. Some people inherit a tendency for high blood pressure. Family members who have high blood pressure and people with relatives in comparison to those which developed to suffer from high blood pressure are not likely. People with these risk factors can prevent the development of high blood pressure or to reduce your chance for an end to the other risk factors. A 2003 report that the incidence of hypertension in children with the increase in overweight and obese children and adolescents due to an increase in the number of likely found.
Diagnosis
Because the symptoms of high blood pressure is not the reason, it is important for blood pressure checked regularly. Blood pressure with a device called a sphygmomanometer is measured. A cloth - covered rubber cuff around the upper arm and inflated is involved. When the cuff, for the moment to prevent the flow of blood is squeezed in one hand that the artery is inflated. Then, the air, while a stethoscope placed on the artery would have to cough out the blood spurting back through the artery to detect the sound of is used. This is the first time the sound pressure is the systolic pressure when the heart beats. Last sound heard in the air as the rest of the diastolic pressure is released, the pressure between heart beats is. Mercury sphygmomanometer on the two sounds are recorded on the gauge.
Normal blood pressure values is defined by a border. Blood pressure less than 120/80 mm Hg is considered normal. A number of factors such as pain, stress or worry about a temporary increase in blood pressure can cause. For this reason, a high blood pressure reading high blood pressure is not on the diagnosis. If a blood pressure read 120/80 or higher for the first time, the doctor to check blood pressure and a person will be back. Diagnosis of high blood pressure readings on two or more generally after the first visit is made based.
Systolic hypertension in the elderly and the diastolic pressure is normal or when the diagnosis is low, but the systolic, eg170/70 mm Hg is raised. This condition usually co arteries (atherosclerosis) of the strict exists.
Blood pressure measurement stages are classified according to severity:
* Normal blood pressure: 120/80 mm Hg at least
* Pre-hypertension: 120-129/80-89 mm Hg
* Stage 1 hypertension: 140-159/90-99 mm Hg
* Stage 2 high blood pressure: more than or at 160-179/100-109 mm Hg
High blood pressure to evaluate a specific physical examination include:
* Medical and family history
* Physical examination
* Ophthalmoscopy: examination of the blood vessels in the eye
* Chest X-ray
* Electrocardiograph (ECG)
* Blood and urine testing.
If the patient has any conditions or disorders that cause or contribute to high blood pressure can have medical and family history can help doctors determine. A family history of high blood pressure high blood pressure to a genetic predisposition that can be done.
Physical examination on time in many different situations and different blood pressure readings can join. The doctor thinks my heart through the arteries and blood flow created by a stethoscope to listen to uses. The pulse, reflexes, and height and weight are checked and recorded. Internal organs, palpated or felt, if they are set to increase.
High blood pressure because the blood vessels in the eyes of harm, can examine the eyes with an instrument can be called an ophthalmoscope. The doctor for thickening, low, or will the blood vessels in hemorrhages.
X-ray, other vascular (heart) abnormalities, or lung disease, an enlarged heart may identify a chest.
An electrocardiogram (ECG) measures the heart's electrical activity. If the heart muscle and detailed, if there close to the arteries of the heart muscle damage can know it is.
Blood and urine tests and to evaluate the health of the disorders that may cause high blood pressure for detection of presence can be.
Treatment
Preference for high blood pressure there is no cure, but almost always the right treatment with blood pressure can be reduced. Low blood pressure goal of treatment is that heart disease and high blood pressure will prevent the other complications is to level. Secondary hypertension, the disease is high blood pressure treatment for high blood pressure is responsible except for yourself. Successful treatment of the underlying disorder of secondary hypertension can be treated.
Guidelines for doctors with patients and blood pressure to agree on goals for individual patient treatment plan that is ready to work advice. Drugs and lifestyle changes in a combination of real person to the next will vary. Low blood pressure changes in diet, getting regular exercise, and taking antihypertensive drugs may include, for the treatment. Patients falling in the past only the heart or kidneys often need to make lifestyle changes are advised for damage is not high blood pressure range. A clinical trial of the 2003 report of the adult with high blood pressure in the form of 38% in the form of lifestyle changes in diet and Dash, who eat more fruits and vegetables to mush less encouraged by the part shown.
About 5 to 10 mm Hg to reduce the blood pressure changes in lifestyle can include:
* Eat less salt
* Low-fat intake
* Weight loss
* Getting regular exercise
* Quit
* To reduce the consumption of alcohol
* Stress management
1 limit the blood pressure high blood pressure taking antihypertensive medicine may be advised of the stage falls into the patient. Many medications to treat high blood pressure has been developed. The choice of drug will depend on the level of high blood pressure, side effects, the patient and the patient is taking other drugs for other medical conditions can be.
If a drug treatment to lower blood pressure enough, or can be tried first and a drug can be added to a different drug for fails. More patients with severe hypertension at the beginning of their drugs to control high blood pressure may be a combination. Action of various types, often with only a combination of antihypertensive drugs required for each drug will be compared to the blood pressure with smaller doses are controlled.
Antihypertensive drug classes fall in a number of drugs:
* Diuretics
* Beta blockers
* Calcium channel blockers
* Angiotensin enzyme inhibitors (Ace inhibitors) changed
* Alpha - blockers
* Alpha, beta blockers
* Vasodilators
* Peripheral acting adrenergic antagonists
* Center agonists acting
Diuretics in the body tissues of the kidneys and blood to end more than salt and water can help. This fluid buildup in the tissues to reduce inflammation helps. Fluid dilates the walls of the arteries and reduce blood pressure reduction. New guidelines issued in 2003 before the election as a medicine with high blood pressure and diuretics for most patients suggest that a multi-drug combination as part of.
Beta blockers lower blood pressure by acting on the nervous system of the heart rate to slow and reduce the strength of contraction of the heart. The heart failure, asthma, diabetes, or circulation problems in the hands and feet with caution in patients with is used.
Calcium channel blockers muscle cells in artery walls blocks the entry of calcium. Muscle cells constrict, their low calcium and calcium needs to rest and the blood pressure is low.
Ace inhibitors block the production of substances that constrict blood vessels. The construction of the salt water and tissues can help to reduce. They usually heart failure, kidney disease, or diabetes, patients are given. Ace inhibitors together with diuretics can be used.
Alpha - blockers to dilate arteries and reduce the strength of contraction of the heart on the nervous system work.
Alpha, alpha and beta blockers beta blockers combination of action.
Vasodilators directly on the arteries so the blood more easily transferred through the walls can act to relax. They lower blood pressure rapidly and hypertensive emergencies in patients injected when blood pressure is dangerously high.
Arteries to relax and reduce the strength of contraction of the heart on the peripheral nervous system acting adrenergic antagonists act. They usually together with a diuretic are set. Peripheral acting adrenergic antagonists slowed mental function and can cause lethargy.
Central agonists also act to relax arteries and slow the heart rate on the nervous system work. They usually with other antihypertensive drugs are used.
Prognosis
There is no cure for high blood pressure is. However, this very well with proper treatment can be managed. Lifestyle changes and treatment with a combination of antihypertensive drugs on the levels generally heart or other organs that will not damage the blood pressure can. Serious complications of high blood pressure to avoid the key is to identify and loss before treatment. Because antihypertensive medicines control blood pressure, but it is not right, patients reduce blood pressure to maintain the level of complexity and to avoid taking drugs should continue.
Prevention
Prevention of hypertension centers on avoiding or eliminating known risk factors on. Age, race, sex, or because of the risk on the person or people who develop high blood pressure can reduce the possibility of a heritage is in danger.
The risk of high blood pressure to change a recommendation for treatment of high blood pressure can be reduced by:
* Eat less salt
* Low-fat intake
* Weight loss
* Getting regular exercise
* Quit
* To reduce the consumption of alcohol
* Stress management
0 komentar:
Post a Comment